The 9D9 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4) also known as CD152. CTLA-4 is a 33 kDa cell surface receptor encoded by the Ctla4 gene that belongs to the CD28 family of the Ig superfamily. CTLA-4 is expressed on activated T and B lymphocytes. CTLA-4 is structurally similar to the T-cell co-stimulatory protein, CD28, and both molecules bind to the B7 family members B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). Upon ligand binding, CTLA-4 negatively regulates cell-mediated immune responses. CTLA-4 plays roles in induction and/or maintenance of immunological tolerance, thymocyte development, and regulation of protective immunity. The critical role of CTLA-4 in immune down-regulation has been demonstrated in CTLA-4 deficient mice, which succumb at 3-5 weeks of age due to the development of a lymphoproliferative disease. CTLA-4 is among a group of inhibitory receptors being explored as cancer treatment targets through immune checkpoint blockade.ImmunogenNot available or unknownReported Applicationsin vivo CTLA-4 neutralizationWestern blotEndotoxin<1EU/mg (<0.001EU/μg)Determined by LAL gel clotting assayBinding ValidationDetermined by immunoblotPurity>95%Determined by SDS-PAGEAggregation<5%Determined by DLSFormulationPBS, pH 7.0Contains no stabilizers or preservativesSterility0.2 μM filteredProductionPurified from tissue culture supernatant in an animal free facilityPurificationProtein AStorageThe antibody solution should be stored undiluted at 4°C, and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.Murine Pathogen Test ResultsMouse Norovirus: NegativeMouse Parvovirus: NegativeMouse Minute Virus: NegativeMouse Hepatitis Virus: NegativeReovirus Screen: NegativeLymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus: NegativeLactate Dehydrogenase-Elevating Virus: NegativeMouse Rotavirus: NegativeTheiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis: NegativeEctromelia/Mousepox Virus: NegativeHantavirus: NegativePolyoma Virus: NegativeMouse Adenovirus: NegativeSendai Virus: NegativeMycoplasma Pulmonis: NegativePneumonia Virus of Mice: NegativeMouse Cytomegalovirus: NegativeK Virus: NegativeRRIDAB_10949609